Source:- Google.com.pk
Oatmeal, also known as white oats, is ground oat
groats (i.e., grains, as in oat-meal, cf. cornmeal, peasemeal, etc.), or a
porridge made from oats (also called oatmeal cereal or stirabout). Oatmeal can
also be steel-cut, crushed, or rolled.
Use
Baked Oatmeal
The oat grains are de-husked by impact, then
heated and cooled to stabilize the "Oat groats", the seed inside the
husk. The process of heating produces a nutty flavour in the oats. These oat
groats may be milled to produce fine, medium or coarse oatmeal. Rolled oats are
steamed and flattened whole oat groats. Steel cut oats may be small and broken
groats from the de-husking process; these may be steamed and flattened to
produce smaller rolled oats. Quick-cooking rolled oats (quick oats) are cut
into small pieces before being steamed and rolled. Instant oatmeal is
pre-cooked and dried, usually with sweetener and flavouring added. Both types
of rolled oats may be eaten uncooked as in muesli or may be cooked to make
porridge. It is also used as an ingredient in oatmeal cookies, oatcakes,
British flapjack bars and baked oatmeal, or as an accent, as in the topping on
many oat bran breads and the coating on Caboc cheese. Oatmeal is also sometimes
porridge with the bran or fibrous husk as well as the oat kernel or groat. In
some countries rolled oats are eaten raw with milk and sugar or raisins.
Oatmeal is also used as a thickening agent in savoury Arabic/Egyptian thick
meat plus vegetable soups.
An oatmeal bath, made by adding a cup of finely
ground oatmeal to one's bathwater, is also commonly used to ease the discomfort
associated with such things as chickenpox, poison ivy, eczema, sunburn and dry
skin.
Breakfast Cereal Health Benefits
There has been increasing interest in oatmeal in
recent years because of its health benefits. Daily consumption of a bowl of
oatmeal can lower blood cholesterol, because of its soluble fibre content.
After it was reported that oats can help lower cholesterol, an "oat bran
craze"
] swept the U.S. in the late 1980s, peaking in 1989.
The food craze was short-lived and faded by the early 1990s. The popularity of
oatmeal and other oat products increased again after the January 1997 decision
by the Food and Drug Administration that food with a lot of oat bran or rolled
oats can carry a label claiming it may reduce the risk of heart disease when
combined with a low-fat diet. This is because of the beta-glucan in the oats.
Rolled oats have long been a staple of many athletes' diets, especially weight
trainers, because of its high content of complex carbohydrates and
water-soluble fibre that encourages slow digestion and stabilizes blood-glucose
levels. Oatmeal porridge also contains more B vitamins and calories than other
kinds of porridge.
Scotland
Oatmeal has a long history in Scottish culinary
tradition because oats are better suited than wheat to Scotland's short, wet
growing season. Oats became the staple grain of that country. The ancient
universities of Scotland had a holiday called Meal Monday to permit students to
return to their farms and collect more oats for food.
Samuel Johnson referred, disparagingly, to this
in his dictionary definition for oats: "A grain, which in England is
generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people." His
biographer, James Boswell, noted that Lord Elibank was said by Sir Walter Scott
to have retorted, "Yes, and where else will you see such horses and such
men?"
A common method of cooking oatmeal in Scotland is
to soak it overnight in salted water and cook on a low heat in the morning for
a few minutes until the mixture thickens.
In Scotland, oatmeal is created by grinding oats
into a coarse powder.[12] It may be ground fine, medium, or coarse, or rolled,
or the groats may be chopped in two or three pieces to make what is described
as pinhead oatmeal.[13] Ground oatmeal, rolled oats, and pinhead oatmeal, are
all used (throughout Britain); one Scots manufacturer describes varieties as
"Scottish Porridge Oats" (rolled), "Scottish Oatmeal"
(medium ground), and "Pinhead Oatmea.
Vermont
In the U.S. state of Vermont, oatmeal making has a long tradition originating with the Scottish settlement in the state. While there are variations, most begin with steel cut oats. The oats are soaked overnight in cold water, salt, and maple syrup. Early the next morning, before beginning farm chores, the cook adds ground nutmeg, ground cinnamon, and sometimes ground ginger. The pot is placed over heat and cooked for 90 minutes or more, and served after the chores with cream, milk, or butter. As most contemporary Vermonters no longer have farm chores, the recipe is simplified to a briefer 10 to 30-minute cooking at a higher heat. Vermont leads the U.S. in per capita consumption of cooked oatmeal cerea
Nordic Countries and the Baltic
The havregrynsgröt, havregrod or kaurapuuro (in
Finnish) - is a porridge made from rolled oats, water and/or milk and often
added raisins. It is a traditional breakfast staple in Sweden, Norway, Denmark
and Finland. as well as in Iceland. And Baltic Countries (Estonia,Latvia,Lithuania)
Porridge made from rye (vattgröt) or barley (bjuggröt) was more common during
the Middle Ages.
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